嵌入式操作系统

现有嵌入式操作系统

Mobile operating systems

• DIP DOS on Atari Portfolio

  • Embedded Linux (see also Linux for mobile devices)

  • Android

    • CalyxOS

    • DivestOS

    • EMUI

    • Flyme OS

    • GrapheneOS

    • LineageOS

    • MIUI

    • Replicant

    • See also List of custom Android distributions

  • Firefox OS

    • KaiOS

  • Ångström distribution

  • Familiar Linux

  • Mæmo based on Debian deployed on Nokia’s Nokia 770, N800 and N810 Internet Tablets.

  • OpenZaurus

  • webOS from Palm, Inc., later Hewlett-Packard via acquisition, and most recently at LG Electronics through acquisition from Hewlett-Packard[39]

  • Access Linux Platform

  • bada

  • Openmoko Linux

  • OPhone

  • MeeGo (from merger of Maemo & Moblin)

  • Mobilinux

  • MotoMagx

  • Qt Extended

  • Sailfish OS

  • Tizen (earlier called LiMo Platform)

  • Ubuntu Touch

  • PostmarketOS

• Inferno (distributed OS originally from Bell Labs)

• Magic Cap

• MS-DOS on Poqet PC, HP 95LX, HP 100LX, HP 200LX, HP 1000CX, HP OmniGo 700LX

• NetBSD

• Newton OS on Apple MessagePad

• Palm OS from Palm, Inc; now spun off as PalmSource

• PEN/GEOS on HP OmniGo 100 and 120

• PenPoint OS

• Plan 9 from Bell Labs

• PVOS

• Symbian OS

  • EPOC

• Windows CE, from Microsoft

• Pocket PC from Microsoft, a variant of Windows CE

• Windows Mobile from Microsoft, a variant of Windows CE

• Windows Phone from Microsoft

• DSPnano RTOS

• iOS

  • watchOS

  • tvOS

• iPod software

• iPodLinux

• iriver clix OS

• RockBox

• BlackBerry OS

• PEN/GEOS, GEOS-SC, GEOS-SE

• Palm OS

• Symbian platform (successor to Symbian OS)

• BlackBerry 10

• HarmonyOS

- Routers

• CatOS – by Cisco Systems

• Cisco IOS – originally Internetwork Operating System by Cisco Systems

• DNOS – by DriveNets

• Inferno – distributed OS originally from Bell Labs

• IOS-XR – by Cisco Systems

• JunOS – by Juniper Networks

• LCOS – by LANCOM Systems[40]

• Linux

  • OpenWrt

    • DD-WRT

    • LEDE

    • Gargoyle

    • LibreCMC

  • Zeroshell

• FTOS – by Force10 Networks

• FreeBSD

  • m0n0wall

  • OPNsense

  • pfsense

• List of wireless router firmware projects

- Other embedded

• Apache Mynewt

• ChibiOS/RT

• Contiki

• ERIKA Enterprise

• eCos

• NetBSD

• Nucleus RTOS[41]

• NuttX

• Minix

• NCOS

• freeRTOS, openRTOS, safeRTOS

• Fuchsia

• OpenEmbedded (or Yocto Project)

• OpenHarmony

• pSOS (Portable Software On Silicon)

• QNX – Unix-like real-time operating system, aimed primarily at the embedded systems market.[42]

• REX OS – microkernel; usually an embedded cell phone OS

• RIOT

• ROM-DOS

• TinyOS

• ThreadX

• RT-Thread

• DSPnano RTOS

• Windows IoT – formerly Windows Embedded

  • Windows CE

  • Windows IoT Core

  • Windows IoT Enterprise

• Wind River VxWorks RTOS.[17]

• Wombat – microkernel; usually real-time embedded

• Zephyr

• LEGO Mindstorms

• brickOS

• leJOS

介绍

An embedded operating system is an operating system for embedded computer systems. Embedded operating systems are computer systems designed to increase functionality and reliability for achieving a specific task.[1] Resource efficiency comes at the cost of losing some functionality or granularity that larger computer operating systems provide, including functions that may not be used by the specialized applications run. Depending on the method used for multitasking, this type of OS is frequently considered a real-time operating system or RTOS. Embedded systems are mostly used as Real-time operating systems.

All embedded systems contain a processor and software. There must be a place for embedded software to store the executable code and temporary storage for run-time data manipulations. These take the form of ROM and RAM, respectively. All embedded systems must also contain some form of inputs and outputs to function. Within the exception of these few common features, the rest of the embedded hardware is usually unique and varies from application to application.[2] The hardware running an embedded operating system can be very limited in resources; therefore the embedded design of these operating systems may have a narrow scope tailored to a specific application to achieve the desired operation under these constraints. The embedded operating system that organizes and controls the hardware usually determines the rest of the embedded hardware needed.

To take better advantage of the processing power of the CPU, software developers may write critical code directly in assembly. This machine efficient language can potentially result in gains in speed and determinism at the cost of portability and maintainability. Often, embedded operating systems are written entirely in more portable languages, like C, however.

An important difference between most embedded operating systems and desktop operating systems is that the application, including the operating system, is usually statically linked into a single executable image. Unlike a desktop operating system, the embedded operating system does not load and execute many applications.[3] This means that the system is only able to run a few application(s).

种类，构成，应用